Words

Other derivates from the same Arabic root: muṭálʸaˁaʰ ‘reading’: al-ˁéröbk ifól yeˀoúlɛ be-ḳálam wa-ˀifól kóutob wa-menóˀo ḳóurɛ muṭálʸaˁa ‘I did not know how one holds qalam and how one writes and from which direction one reads’ (Naumkin et al. 2013b:556); meṭáľiˁ ‘the sacred books’: wa-ˀerbáˁa di-bíŝi šeyhen ḥímey meṭáľiˁ at-tawrát az-zabúr aľ-ˀinǯíľ wa-ľ-ḳurˀán ‘And the four that have no five are the sacred books: the Torah, the Psalter, the Gospel and the Quran’ (ad-Daʕrhi et al. 2019:540)

Probably borrowed from Arb. ḏ̣lm ‘to act wrongfully’, eventually from PS *ṯ̣lm ‘to be dark’ (see Bulakh 2003:6–7 for a detailed discussion of this semantic ramification).

‘To go down from something (ˁan)’ (b)

‘To go down to something (ḷe- or di-)’ (c)